PodAgent: A Comprehensive Framework for Podcast Generation

Abstract

Existing automatic audio generation methods struggle to generate podcast-like audio programs effectively. The key challenges lie in in-depth content generation, appropriate and expressive voice production. This paper proposed PodAgent, a comprehensive framework for creating audio programs. PodAgent 1) generates informative topic-discussion content by designing a Host-Guest-Writer multi-agent collaboration system, 2) builds a voice pool for suitable voice-role matching and 3) utilizes LLM-enhanced speech synthesis method to generate expressive conversational speech. Given the absence of standardized evaluation criteria for podcast-like audio generation, we developed comprehensive assessment guidelines to effectively evaluate the model's performance. Experimental results demonstrate PodAgent's effectiveness, significantly surpassing direct GPT-4 generation in topic-discussion dialogue content, achieving an 87.4% voice-matching accuracy, and producing more expressive speech through LLM-guided synthesis.


Showcase: Conversation Scripts


Showcase: Podcasts


Conversation Scripts Analysis - 1

Topic: Why might someone choose to use a paper map or ask for directions instead of relying on a GPS device or smartphone app? [Host]: "Hello and welcome! Today we're going to explore why someone might choose to use a paper map or ask for directions instead of relying on a GPS device or smartphone app. We have two fantastic guests joining us today, John Anderson, a distinguished Professor of Cartography, and Sara Mitchell, a renowned Anthropologist and Tech Critic. Welcome, both of you! Let's dive right into the topic. John, would you like to kick things off?" [John Anderson]: "Absolutely, and thank you for having me. In a digital era, paper maps might seem like a thing of the past. But let me assure you, they're very much alive and relevant. Paper maps serve as a reliable source of navigation, especially in remote areas with poor connectivity. Additionally, using paper maps develops a spatial understanding and enhances awareness." [Host]: "Interesting! Could you please elaborate on how using a paper map enhances cognitive abilities?" [John Anderson]: "Sure. Paper maps require skills like spatial thinking, logical deduction, and problem-solving. You have to interpret symbols, measure distances, and orient yourself. Naturally, this exercise improves mental rotation, spatial visualization, and recall of the route. Even educationally, it offers a practical understanding of the earth's geography." [Host]: "That's definitely a perspective to consider. On that note, let's hear what Sara has to say about this. Sara?" [Sara Mitchell]: "Well, I associate maps with the charm of independence. You aren't reliant on network signals or batteries. And as someone who critically evaluates the impact of technology on societal behaviors, I worry about the loss of traditional skills like navigation due to our overreliance on GPS devices." [Host]: "That certainly is a valid concern. Sara, could you also talk about how asking for directions might impact our social connections?" [Sara Mitchell]: "Of course. In times of widespread digital interaction, asking for direction is a refreshing human interaction. It often leads to meaningful conversations, a valuable local perspective, and even unexpected friendships. This organic exchange of knowledge and experiences is absent when we depend solely on GPS." [Host]: "John, you'd agree with that, wouldn't you?" [John Anderson]: "Absolutely! In fact, a paper map can add to the group dynamics of activities like hiking. You see everyone studying the map together, planning routes, landmarks. It fosters a sense of teamwork and shared responsibility, which no digital device can mimic." [Host]: "Sounds like an adventure in itself! Now, while we wrap up, would any of you like to add anything?" [Sara Mitchell]: "I'd just like to emphasize how using a paper map or asking for directions can foster cognition. It engages various parts of our brain, enhances memory, and gives us confidence in our navigational skills. So, next time, why not try swapping the screen for a sheet of paper?" [Host]: "A fantastic point to end today's discussion, thank you both for your valuable insights. And thank you to our audience for watching. Until next time, stay curious!"


Conversation Scripts Analysis - 2

Topic: Why might someone prefer to shop at a small, locally-owned business instead of a large chain store, even if the prices are higher? [Host]: "Hello, everyone, and welcome to our talk show! Today, we're delving into the world of local businesses and why many consumers prefer them over big chain stores despite the difference in price. Joining us to share insights on this are John Davidson, a successful local business owner, and Diana Mitchell, an expert economist and consumer behavior researcher. Welcome to both of you!" [John Davidson]: "Thank you for having me. It's always exciting to discuss this topic and share experiences from my own business, Davidson’s Groceries.", speaking_style: "warm and passionate"} [Diana Mitchell]: "Thank you! I’m eager to bring findings from my research to the table and discuss this topic from an academic angle." [Host]: "John, you've made a point about personalized service being a key reason why people prefer local businesses. Can you elaborate?" [John Davidson]: "Certainly! In local businesses, we understand and prioritize our shoppers’ needs. Customers are not just numbers on a receipt; they are our neighbors and friends. We know their preferences and cater to them in a personalized manner. It's a relationship that fosters trust, unique to small, local businesses." [Host]: "That makes sense. Now, Diana, your research echoes John’s sentiments. Can you discuss this?" [Diana Mitchell]: "Absolutely. Research shows that consumers prefer an emotional bond formed through personal interactions. They enjoy being recognized and valued. This emotional touch cannot be easily replicated by bigger chains due to their sheer size." [Host]: "Both of you mentioned the increased consumer consciousness of their shopping practices and its impacts. John, do you see this as a trend in your business?" [John Davidson]: "Definitely. People are more thoughtful about their influence, especially with regards to sustainability. At Davidson’s Groceries, we promote green practices, and it's encouraging to see our customers resonate with our efforts." [Host]: "And Diana, your studies have seen the same changes?" [Diana Mitchell]: "Indeed. My findings suggest that shopping at local businesses is becoming a lifestyle choice. It signals environmentally responsible behavior and community-oriented values." [Host]: "Evidently, supporting local enterprises leads to exceptional long-term benefits. Right, John?" [John Davidson]: "Absolutely. Shopping locally means investing in and sustaining the community. It creates job opportunities and paves the way for innovation. Essentially, community prosperity strengthens with this support." [Host]: "What are your thoughts on this, Diana?" [Diana Mitchell]: "I completely agree. From the economic standpoint, it contributes to community wealth and supports local business. Additionally, consumers get to experience a wide variety of unique products." [Host]: "Thank you both for your insights. It seems, shopping locally is about more than just a transaction. It's about community, sustainability, and personal experiences. Something to ponder for all of us!"


Conversation Scripts Analysis - 3

Topic: Why might someone prefer to shop at a small, locally-owned business instead of a large chain store, even if the prices are higher? [Host]: "Hello, everyone, and welcome to our talk show! Today, we're diving into the world of local businesses and exploring why so many consumers prefer them over big chain stores, even when the prices are higher. Joining us to share their unique insights are John Davidson, a successful local business owner, and Diana Mitchell, an expert economist and consumer behavior researcher. Welcome to both of you!" [John Davidson]: "Thank you for having me. It's always exciting to discuss this topic and share experiences from my own business, Davidson’s Groceries." [Diana Mitchell]: "Thank you! I’m eager to bring findings from my research to the table and discuss this topic from an academic perspective." [Host]: "John, let’s start with you. You’ve mentioned that personalized service is a key reason people prefer local businesses. Can you elaborate on that?" [John Davidson]: "Certainly! At local businesses like mine, we prioritize understanding and meeting our customers’ needs. Customers aren’t just numbers on a receipt—they’re our neighbors and friends. For example, we have a regular customer who loves a specific type of organic honey that isn’t widely available. We make sure to stock it for her because it’s something she values. It’s a relationship built on trust and care, something unique to small businesses." [Host]: "That’s such a great example, John. I love how you’ve built these close relationships with your customers. Do you think this level of personalized service is something larger chain stores just can’t replicate?" [John Davidson]: "It’s definitely challenging for larger chains. Their scale makes it hard to offer the same level of individual attention. Local businesses, on the other hand, thrive on these personal connections. They’re what set us apart." [Host]: "That makes a lot of sense. Diana, does your research align with John’s insights on personalized service?" [Diana Mitchell]: "Absolutely, Emma. My research consistently shows that consumers value the emotional bond they form with local businesses. Being greeted by name, having their preferences remembered—these small gestures create a sense of belonging and trust. Large chains, due to their size, struggle to replicate this level of personal interaction, which is why small businesses hold a special place in many communities." [Host]: "It’s fascinating to see how much these emotional connections matter. Now, John, you’ve also mentioned sustainability as a growing focus for consumers. How has that played out in your business?" [John Davidson]: "Sustainability is a big focus for us! At Davidson’s Groceries, we’ve made a conscious effort to adopt green practices. For instance, we source fresh produce from local farms, which reduces the carbon footprint associated with transportation. We’ve also switched to biodegradable packaging. Customers have told us they appreciate these efforts, and it’s encouraging to see how many people align their values with their shopping habits." [Host]: "That’s fantastic to hear, John. It sounds like sustainability is not only a core value for your business but also something your customers genuinely care about. Diana, does your research show similar trends in consumer behavior?" [Diana Mitchell]: "Yes, definitely. This shift isn’t just a passing trend—it’s becoming a lifestyle choice for many consumers. People are far more aware of the environmental and social impact of their purchases. Supporting local businesses often aligns with these values, as it reduces carbon footprints and promotes community-oriented practices. It’s a conscious decision that reflects a deeper sense of responsibility." [Host]: "It’s inspiring to see how shopping locally can make such a positive impact on both the environment and the community. John, can you share more about the long-term benefits of supporting local businesses?" [John Davidson]: "Of course. Shopping locally is really about investing in the community. It helps create jobs, supports local causes, and fosters innovation. For instance, when customers support Davidson’s Groceries, they’re also supporting the local farmers and artisans we work with. It creates a ripple effect that strengthens the entire community. Plus, shopping locally often means access to unique products that you can’t find in big chain stores." [Host]: "That’s such a powerful message, John. Diana, from an economist’s perspective, how do you see the long-term benefits of shopping locally?" [Diana Mitchell]: "I completely agree with John. Economically, spending money locally keeps wealth within the community. It supports local jobs, encourages entrepreneurship, and helps build a thriving local economy. Additionally, local businesses often source their goods from nearby suppliers, which further strengthens community ties. And from a consumer’s perspective, they get to enjoy a diversity of products and a deeper connection to their community." [Host]: "It’s clear that shopping locally is about so much more than just buying products—it’s about relationships, sustainability, and community. Before we wrap up, I’d love to hear one piece of advice from each of you for someone considering shopping more locally." [John Davidson]: "My advice would be to start small. Visit your local farmer’s market or a neighborhood bakery. Take the time to get to know the people behind the products. You’ll not only find high-quality goods but also build connections that make your shopping experience truly special." [Diana Mitchell]: "I’d say think of your purchases as more than just transactions. They’re investments in your community, in sustainability, and in relationships. Every choice you make as a consumer has a ripple effect, so make it count." [Host]: "Beautifully said! Thank you, John and Diana, for sharing your insights and experiences today. And to our audience, thank you for tuning in to this episode of our talk show. Remember, every shopping decision is an opportunity to make a difference. Until next time, take care and support your local businesses!"


Conversation Scripts Analysis - 4

Topic: What are some subtle clues that suggest someone is pretending to understand a topic or conversation when they are actually confused or uninformed?

Host: Dynamic and Enthusiastic
Good evening everyone, welcome to our enriching and insightful talk show tonight! Let's dive into our topic: 'The Art of Pretending to Understand'. We are privileged to have two very distinguished guests tonight!
Host: Warmly and Respectfully
Please welcome Dr. Louise Montgomery, a respected psychologist with a PhD from Harvard. She has over 20 years of studying human behaviors and has published several research papers on non-verbal cues and micro-expressions. We are excited to hear your expert insights, Dr. Montgomery.
Host: Grateful and Welcoming
And with us is Mr. Adam Spencer, a master in Communication Studies from Stanford, and a dedicated communication skills trainer. With his expertise on identifying signs of confusion and hesitance in communication, we look forward to your contributions, Mr. Spencer.
Host: Curious and Engaged
Let's start with you, Dr. Montgomery. Could you help us understand the signs that indicate someone is pretending to get a concept?
Dr. Louise Montgomery: Knowledgeable and Pedagogical
Certainly. Some physical cues are over-nodding, a blank facial expression with a hesitant smile and possibly avoiding eye contact. They might also have a sharp intake of breath which can indicate surprise or confusion. You might also notice more filler words in their speech. There can be a delay in their response and non-specific affirmations like 'I see' or 'Interesting'. They might change the subject or adopt an agreeable posture quickly.
Dr. Louise Montgomery: Serious and Thoughtful
There are layers to this issue. When someone is pretending to understand, phrases like 'Could you expand on that?' or 'So, you're saying...' are used often. This can lead to misunderstandings and misinformation, which in professional settings could result in faulty decision-making.
Dr. Louise Montgomery: Compassionate and Informative
The best approach is empathy. Explain things in a simpler way, use analogies, or ask their opinion. Encourage a culture where asking questions is appreciated and not stigmatized.
Dr. Louise Montgomery: Observant and Analytical
Through my experiences and studies, I've noticed certain variations across different demographic groups. Older adults might try to change the topic more, men might appear more assertive, and cultural factors can cause variations in the subtle and indirect cues.
Host: Smooth and Eager
Indeed, very insightful, Dr. Montgomery. Now, Mr. Spencer, is there anything you’d like to add?
Mr. Adam Spencer: Confident and Clear
Yes, several cues such as nods of agreement coming at the wrong time, frequent blinking, squinting, or a slightly furrowed brow can indicate confusion. An affected listener might have a glazed-over look in their eyes or a monotonous voice. They may also use vague or non-specific language, rephrase your statements as questions, or use filler responses.
Mr. Adam Spencer: Candid and Sincere
Pretending to understand can lead to misunderstanding, knowledge gaps and trust issues. If you notice someone pretending, switch to a simpler language, verify their understanding periodically, and create a safe space for them to admit their confusion.
Mr. Adam Spencer: Insightful and Understandable
Gender, age, and cultural factors can influence this behavior. For instance, younger individuals might display more verbal cues while older ones may rely more on facial expressions. Also, societal expectations and stereotypes can play a role in feigning understanding. It's essential to look beyond generalizations and consider individual differences as well.
Host: Grateful and Reflective
Thank you both for such treasured insights. It seems empathy, patience and a non-judgmental approach can go a long way in creating an open exchange of ideas. Let's strive to create environments where it's okay not to know, and ask questions. Good night!